At the highest level, COVID-19 testing can be put into three basic categories: diagnostic, screening, and surveillance. Diagnostic testing is part of health care protocol and is focused on individuals. Diagnostic testing made up the vast majority of tests administered in the spring and summer of 2020 and usually meant a healthcare provider identified a specific patient who exhibited symptoms of COVID-19 who was recently exposed to the virus through a close contact, or who was in a high-risk group believed to be especially susceptible to COVID-19 exposure (including healthcare workers). COVID-19 screening also takes place at the individual level, but it does not require a justification like a known exposure to the virus. But like diagnostic testing, COVID-19 screening is focused on identifying infected or likely infected patients who do not know they are infected in order to prevent them from spreading the virus. Common examples of COVID-19 screening include a business testing all of its employees, regardless of symptoms or exposure, before allowing people to return to the office, or testing all students and faculty at a school to determine who can return to the classroom and when. Finally, there's surveillance testing, which takes place across a community or patient population instead of at the individual level.
Asymptomatic surveillance testing is conducted regardless of whether members of a community or region are exhibiting symptoms.
SEE ALSO: Asymptomatic vs. Pre-symptomatic… What’s the Difference?
Because diagnostic testing prioritizes people who are likely to be infected, a much higher percentage of diagnostic tests will come back positive than from asymptomatic surveillance tests. Instead of focusing on people at high risk of being exposed, surveillance testing often involves a random sampling of a certain percentage of the overall group. An example of surveillance testing, the FDA explains, is a testing plan developed by a state public health department to randomly select and sample 1% of all individuals in a city on a rolling basis to determine local infection rates and trends. Surveillance testing is needed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 in a given community. And regular surveillance testing can help public health officials track trends over time. Are infections rising or falling? Are preventative measures like social distancing or limiting the size of social gatherings working? Surveillance testing does not always involve sending individualized test results for participants. While a HIPAA compliant email API such as the Paubox Email API would support the sending of large amounts of health information, in many cases participants are simply instructed to seek out a diagnostic test to be sure of their COVID-19 status.
The Paubox Email API can be leveraged by healthcare organizations to send test results and other PHI at scale, while protecting privacy.
SEE ALSO: How the Paubox Email API Can Help Fight COVID-19
With our HITRUST CSF certified product, patients receive encrypted emails directly to their inboxes—no passwords or portals required. Easy to implement with clear documentation, a developer’s experience is as seamless as the email recipient’s.
SEE ALSO: Why Healthcare Businesses Choose the Paubox Email API